Thermal Physics – Hub of related Posts

Many thermometers today are electronic. Let's see how different types of electronic thermometers are made and what are their working principles. 1 ) Most contain a tiny bead of a ...
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The kinetic theory can explain the behavior of gases. The kinetic theory of gases explains the gas laws, as well. Here, we will study a few of such explanations. a) ...
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Gas Constants & their values The Avogadro constant (NA) = 6.02 × 1023 particles per moleThe molar gas constant or universal gas constant (R) = 8.31 J mol−1 K−1The Boltzmann ...
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The Combined Gas Law or Gas Equation is as follows: PV / T = constant (K) ......... (1) The value of this constant K changes if the volume of the ...
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In this post, we will describe the change of state (phase change) in terms of molecular behavior. When solids that do not melt are heated, the thermal energy supplied overcomes ...
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In this post, we will study the Graphs for state change (phase change graphs or change of state graphs). We have already studied the keywords related to the state change ...
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In this post, we present 30 formulas from the Thermodynamics chapter (class 11 physics). This formula bank is going to help you to find the formulas in a single place ...
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In this post, we defined some keywords related to 'change of state' or Phase change. These words include terms like critical point, triple point, etc. The three states of matter ...
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In this post, we will discuss the fundamentals of latent heat and specific latent heat. latent heat - definition Latent heat is the amount of energy released or absorbed by ...
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On the basis of the kinetic theory of matter, we can discuss the concept of internal energy as the sum of the energies of individual components/constituents. This includes kinetic energy ...
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The Carnot cycle represents the cycle of processes for a theoretical heat engine with the maximum possible efficiency. Such an idealized engine is called a Carnot engine. Here in this ...
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In this post, we will briefly discuss (1) how refrigerators work, & (2) How Air conditioners work. Work and Heat flow diagram of refrigerator and air-conditioner is also presented here ...
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In this post, we will discuss the concepts of the Carnot engine. We will also cover subtopics like Assumptions made for the Carnot engine, the existence of the Carnot engine(if ...
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What is the third law of thermodynamics?The third law of thermodynamics states that absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature, can never be reached. The entropy of a system is zero ...
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In this post, we will discuss how we can consider Entropy as Probability. We have already covered entropy (disorder) when we discussed the 2nd law of Thermodynamics. There is a ...
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This post talks of an important topic of the Thermodynamics chapter of Physics. We talk here about Heat Engines, their definition, examples of heat engines, internal combustion engines, internal combustion ...
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To understand the Second Law of Thermodynamics it's essential to understand the concept of Entropy. Once we get an idea of entropy with an example, we will discuss 3 different ...
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In this post, we will discuss how the P-V diagram can help us to calculate the work done by a system or on a system. We will derive the equation ...
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In this post, we will first go for the definitions, formulas, units, and explanations of Specific Heat Capacity & Heat Capacity. Then we will see how to measure Specific heat ...
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Conduction is a mode of transmission of heat where heat flows from the hot end to the cold end and particles of the medium simply oscillate but do not leave ...
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In this post, we will discuss the Heating effect of electric current (class 10) and list down the Heating Effect formulas or Equations of electric power and energy. And, then ...
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In this post, we will solve a few numerical problems using the First Law of Thermodynamics. Numerical problems on first law of thermodynamics Question number 1) Complete the values in ...
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In this post, we will draw the Thermodynamic energy model to relate heat in, work done on the system, heat out, and work done by the system. Before that, we ...
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Latent heat is needed to change a liquid into a vapour (during vaporization). Let's discuss on Specific latent heat of vaporization in detail. role of latent heat of vaporization If ...
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The specific latent heat of fusion (lf) of a substance is the quantity of heat needed to change the unit mass of it from solid to liquid without temperature change ...
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If equal lengths of two different metals, such as copper and iron, are riveted together so that they cannot move separately, they form a bimetallic strip (Figure 1). figure 1: ...
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There are three different processes through which energy can be transferred during heating and cooling: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat through a substance as a ...
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To describe the total energy of the molecules in a substance, we need to take into account both the kinetic energies and the potential energies. This is called the internal ...
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The temperature scales that we use today were designed for simplicity and easy reproduction. The Celsius temperature scale is used throughout the world and is a good example of how ...
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The molecular theory of solids, liquids, and gases explains the reason behind their shape and volume. Let's find out how in the next paragraph. figure 1 figure 2 ( showing ...
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The gas laws tell us the relationship between pressure, temperature, and volume of gases. The gas laws can be stated in a convenient form for calculations when absolute temperatures are ...
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In the case of fluids, with the rise of temperature, the volume increases. Therefore, the density decreases. But, water expansion shows an anomalous behavior for a specific temperature zone. As ...
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In this post, we will find out the definition of thermal conductivity and its formula. We will also see a table containing thermal conductivity values for selected materials. We will ...
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In this post, we will discuss Heat Capacity and Specific heat, their relationship, comparison, Specific heat data tables, and formula. We will also solve a few numerical problems based on ...
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Here in this post, we will cover the first law of thermodynamics. It basically talks about the effects of heat transfer in terms of internal energy and work done. As ...
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The thermal conductivity of a material (designated as k) is the measure of how quickly heat energy is transferred or conducted from one end of the material to the other end ...
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This post is on Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics. To discuss this we will begin with a briefing on the definition of Thermodynamics and the concepts of Thermal Equilibrium in the ...
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