Geostationary and geosynchronous satellites

In this post, we will learn about Geostationary and geosynchronous satellites, and also will find out the relationship and differences between Geostationary and geosynchronous satellites. geosynchronous satellite A geosynchronous satellite has a period of exactly 1 day so that it passes over a fixed point on the Earth’s surface at the same time each day […]

how acceleration due to gravity varies with latitudes

In this post, we will see how acceleration due to gravity varies with latitudes. acceleration due to gravity(g) varies with latitudes – how? Consider a point A on the earth’s surface where the line joining center O to A makes an angle θ with the equatorial plane as shown. The angle θ is said to […]

Orbital speed & Escape speed – worksheet

This worksheet contains numerical problems on Orbital speed & Escape speed. 1) a) Confirm that the escape speed from the Earth’s surface is 11.2 km s−1.b) Explain why all masses have the same escape speed.c) Determine the escape speed from a planet that had twice the radius of Earth, but the same density. 2) The […]

Gravitational Field Strength & Gravitational Acceleration

Here we will see how Gravitational Field Strength is related to Gravitational Acceleration. To determine how gravitational field strength is related to gravitational acceleration, we will use this equation or relation: 1 N = 1 kg.m/s2. Then we will use kg.m/s2 instead of N in the equation for gravitational field strength: Unit of gravitational field […]

Gravitational Potential Numericals – solved worksheet (numerical)

In this post, find Gravitational Potential Numericals in a solved worksheet (numerical). And, we will solve a bunch of numerical problems (Questions and answers) with the help of the concept and formula of Gravitational Potential, gravitational potential energy, & gravitational force. Also solve: Numericals on Gravitational force and Universal Law of gravitation – class 9 […]

Gravitation class 11 Notes Physics chapter 8 CBSE | grade 12

This post presents Gravitation class 11 notes [Physics Chapter 8 CBSE] in a nutshell. This one summarizes the key concepts, formulas, and applications. It also lists down a set of selected Gravitation class 11 questions (prepared for ISC, CBSE class 11 physics, grade 12 physics, and UPSC preparation, IAS exams). Isaac Newton unified “earthly” bodies […]

Satellite & Circular Motion & understanding of Geostationary Satellite

We will discuss here the circular motion of satellites, state of free fall of satellites, types of orbits, geostationary satellite and low Earth orbit satellites. Satellites undergo circular motion Satellites orbiting the Earth, including the Moon, are examples of objects undergoing circular motion. In this case of circular motion, the centripetal force is provided by […]

Derivation of Gravitational potential energy equations

Deriving equations of Gravitational Potential Energy (1)with planet’s surface as the zero level & (2)infinity is chosen as the zero level, 1] If we choose a planet’s surface as the zero level or reference, Gravitational Potential Energy Ep at x has a positive value.
If infinity is chosen as the zero level, Ep has a negative value.
Gravitational potential energy Ep = (mg) × h = mgh (if we choose a planet’s surface as the zero level or reference).
Gravitational potential energy Ep can be expressed as Ep = – G m1m2 / r (if infinity is chosen as the zero level).


How to measure universal gravitational constant | Measurement of G

Henry Cavendish first measured the universal gravitational constant G in 1798. The apparatus used is shown in Figure 1. Other experimenters repeated Cavendish’s measurement of G with various improvements and refinements. All measurements of G are found to be difficult because of the extreme weakness of the gravitational attraction. Setup of Henry Cavendish to measure […]

Gravitational Field Strength on the earth’s surface

Gravitational Field Strength on the earth’s surface is defined as the force per unit mass experienced by a small test mass placed on the earth’s surface (in the gravitational field of the earth). So the Gravitational Field Strength at this point is expressed by the formula, g = G M/r^2where M = mass of the […]

Gravitational field strength – formula, definition, & derivation

A gravitational field is a region where you find gravity. More precisely, the gravitational field is defined as a region of space where a mass experiences a force because of its mass. In this post, we will find out more about the Gravitational field strength with its definition, derivation, and formula. What is the gravitational […]

Gravitation Numericals for class 9 – Solved Numericals on Gravitation

Here we will solve a bunch of Gravitation Numericals from the Gravitation chapter of high school Physics, covering gravitational force and gravitational constant. This is a well-crafted set of Solved Numericals on Gravitation for class 9 (Gravitation Numericals worksheet for class 9) that you should try. The solution to this Gravitation class 9 Numericals worksheet […]

How Strong is the Coulomb Force Relative to the Gravitational Force?

How Strong is the Electrostatic or Coulomb Force Relative to the Gravitational Force? To find this we will calculate the electrostatic force and the gravitational force between an electron and proton separated by 0.530×10-10 m. (This distance is their average separation in a hydrogen atom) This will give us an estimate of the relative strength […]

Find out the value of g from its formula

We have derived the equation of g (acceleration due to gravity) and we will use that formula or equation to find out its value. The formula we will use is: g = GM/R2[Derivation of g formula here] Value of g from its formula We will use 3 values in the formula. And those values are […]

The relation between G and g with equation

This post highlights the relation between G and g. G is the universal gravitational constant and g is the acceleration due to gravity. So let’s find out the relationship in terms of an expression or equation. Relation between G and g Let’s consider an apple of mass m falling from a tree. The apple is […]

Orbital Velocity Formula with solved numerical problem

Here in this post, we will list down different forms of the Orbital velocity formula or equation. We will present here 3 sets of formulas including the near-orbit one. After this, we will also see how to use these formulas to solve numerical problems. Orbital Velocity Formula – 3 sets of formulas are listed below: […]

Orbital Velocity derivation & concepts for class 11 | How to derive the orbital velocity equation?

Orbital Velocity of a satellite is the minimum velocity it has to maintain to continue its circular motion in its orbit or in other words it is the minimum velocity of the object in circular motion that generates enough centripetal force to keep it in the circular orbit of given radius. We will discuss this in details as well as we will focus on the derivation of Orbital Velocity formula.

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